https://www.journalirjo.com/index.php/IRJO/issue/feed 2026-06-01T12:44:22+00:00 International Research Journal of Oncology [email protected] Open Journal Systems <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>International Research Journal of Oncology</strong>&nbsp;aims to publish case reports related to all aspects of oncology.&nbsp;By not excluding papers based on novelty, this journal facilitates the research and wishes to publish papers as long as they are technically correct and scientifically motivated. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled, OPEN peer-reviewed, open-access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p> https://www.journalirjo.com/index.php/IRJO/article/view/209 2026-05-29T09:47:33+00:00 S. Divya [email protected]

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Oligometastatic disease represents an intermediate biological state between localized cancer and widely disseminated metastases. Increasing evidence suggests that aggressive local treatment directed at limited metastatic deposits may improve disease control in selected patients. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), which delivers highly conformal ablative radiation doses over a small number of fractions, has emerged as a key modality for metastasis-directed therapy. However, important questions remain regarding optimal patient selection, integration with systemic therapy, and the strength of existing clinical evidence.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> A narrative review of the current literature was performed focusing on prospective trials, randomized studies, and major clinical series evaluating SBRT in oligometastatic disease. Particular emphasis was placed on landmark trials including SABR-COMET, ORIOLE, STOMP, and studies evaluating local consolidative therapy in oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Evidence relating to site-specific outcomes, treatment planning considerations, and emerging systemic therapy combinations was also examined.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Prospective clinical trials have demonstrated encouraging outcomes with SBRT in carefully selected patients with limited metastatic disease. Randomized phase II studies such as SABR-COMET have reported improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival when ablative radiotherapy is delivered to all metastatic sites. In oligometastatic prostate cancer, metastasis-directed therapy has been shown to delay disease progression and postpone initiation of systemic treatment. Similar benefits have been observed in selected patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving local consolidative therapy after systemic treatment. Nevertheless, the available evidence remains heterogeneous, and most trials are limited by small sample sizes and varying definitions of oligometastatic disease.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> SBRT represents an important component of the evolving management of oligometastatic cancer. While early clinical trials support its use in carefully selected patients, optimal patient selection, treatment sequencing, and integration with modern systemic therapies remain active areas of investigation. Ongoing randomized trials and translational research are expected to further clarify the role of SBRT within multimodality treatment strategies for metastatic cancer.</p>

2026-05-29T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://www.journalirjo.com/index.php/IRJO/article/view/210 2026-06-01T12:44:22+00:00 Ambroise Ntama Henri Essome Dina Bell Mbassi Jean Paul Engbang [email protected]

<p>Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable yet still highly lethal malignancies among women in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Cameroon, despite the availability of effective preventive tools such as human papillomavirus vaccination, screening for precancerous lesions, and curative treatment for early disease, many women continue to present with advanced cervical cancer. This systematic review aimed to synthesize available evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, prevention gaps, treatment barriers, and health system constraints affecting cervical cancer control in Cameroon. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar for publications issued between January 2010 and March 2025. Eligible studies included peer-reviewed articles reporting epidemiological, clinical, virological, therapeutic, or health system data related to cervical cancer in Cameroon, with contextual evidence from comparable sub-Saharan African settings when national data were limited. Thirty-five studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The evidence showed that cervical cancer in Cameroon is commonly diagnosed among women aged 45–55 years, with most patients presenting at FIGO stage III or IV. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histological subtype, and persistent infection with high-risk HPV, particularly types 16 and 18, remained the principal etiological factor. Major barriers to effective control included low screening coverage, insufficient HPV vaccination uptake, limited public awareness, delayed diagnosis, inadequate pathology and radiotherapy capacity, concentration of oncology services in major urban centers, and high out-of-pocket costs. These constraints contribute to treatment delay, interruption, abandonment, and poor survival outcomes. Strengthening HPV vaccination, implementing organized screening, decentralizing diagnostic and oncology services, improving referral pathways, and reducing financial barriers are essential to reduce preventable cervical cancer mortality in Cameroon.</p>

2026-06-01T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.