International Research Journal of Oncology

A Brief Review on Tumor Immunology

Ifeanyi Chukwurah

School of Basic Medical Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

Ikalo David Oseghale *

Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

Godwin Mmaduabuchi Ikokwu

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

Chidimma Abigail Ezeokoli

Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

The human immune system can eliminate unidentified proteins and contaminated tissues because it can discriminate between self and non-self proteins.

The potential for cancer immunotherapy is largely predicated on the idea that cancer cells express particular antigens recognized by T-lymphocytes, as these cells have been demonstrated in animal models to cause tumor rejection. The primary determinants of immune checkpoint inhibitor response can be believed to be T cells' capacity to identify tumor surface antigen and their subsequent migration to the tumor. Neoangiogenesis, a crucial stage in carcinogenesis, is stimulated by tumor related macrophages. Tumors have a variety of strategies for avoiding the immune response. The hunt for therapeutic treatments can benefit from a thorough grasp of these mechanisms.

A substantial corpus of clinical research demonstrates the growing importance of antibody-based cancer therapy.

Further emerging as a promising development in cancer immunotherapy is adoptive cell treatment following lymphodepletion.

Keywords: Immunotherapy, tumor, antigen, evasion, immunoglobulin, macrophages, metastasis, adoptive cell therapy, monoclonal antibodies

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